On August 7, 2012, Italy enacted Law No. 134 (the “Final Law”), which converted into law and approved (introducing certain notable changes) the final version of the new rules originally set out in Law Decree No. 83 dated June 22, 2012 (the “Initial Decree”), eliminating restrictions and decreasing the tax cost of the issuance of bonds by non-listed companies. The Final Law entered into force on August 12, 2012.